Fungi (moulds, mushrooms, yeasts)

Fungi (moulds, mushrooms, yeasts)
These are eukaryotes (with a membrane-bound nucleus).  Their cells contain organelles including mitochondria.  Their cell wall is made of chitin and glycans.  Most fungi grow as, and obtain their nutrition through their hyphae.  They can be grouped according to their fruiting bodies.  Uniquely, yeasts reproduce by budding.  Examples:  Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Mushroom Structure

Yeast Cell Structure

Classifying Things - Viruses

Things that are classified by biologists

Viruses (are not living organisms!)
Viruses are grouped according to the genetic (replicating) material they contain (deoxyribosenucleic acid or ribosenucleic acid) and they can have a protein coat surrounding that.  Others can have a lipid layer surrounding the protein coat.  Examples: - Tobacco Mosaic Virus and Chickenpox.

Generalised Virus Structure

They can come in many shapes from simple spheres to the more complex coliphage.

Biology Revision Guide - In a nutshell

Fed up of dealing with other folk's revision guides for Biology (and the other sciences) at GCSE, IGCSE, AS, A-Level and International Baccalaureate Diploma with their errors and "not quite hitting the core of the syllabus (curriculum)", I have decided to write up a guide that starts with the basics of I-GCSE and moves into the common topics of AS, A-Level and IB such that a specialist book for each one becomes unnecessary.

One guide will take you all the way through from preparation for Cambridge University (CIE) CheckPoint exams through to University.

For example, a topic dealt with only at I-GCSE will be looked at at that level of difficulty, one that is covered at I-GCSE, and also at IB Standard Level and then IB Higher level would get looked at in increasing levels of difficulty and practice questions will be included for each level (answers at the back of the book).

I will draw all the diagrams myself and take the existing past paper questions, look at the questions that regularly occur on the papers for topics and use those (re-modelled) as practice standards.

Not wanting the book to be too big either - paperback size should be the aim - I aim for it to fit easily in a jacket pocket for reading in a car or on a  school bus.  Also, given the international nature of the educational syllabi covered, one should assume that internet connectivity is not always possible or reliable and that a physical book may well be the best way to store reference information for many students.
The chapters are already outlined and the first few are completed.  However, I may be some time......